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Research Article| Volume 183, P82-88, March 15, 2015

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Multiple cardiometabolic risk factors in the Southern Cone of Latin America: A population-based study in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay

  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Adolfo L. Rubinstein
    Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Vilma E. Irazola
    Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Matias Calandrelli
    Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Sanatorio San Carlos, Bariloche, Pcia. de Río Negro, Argentina
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Natalia Elorriaga
    Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Laura Gutierrez
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    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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    Fernando Lanas
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    Affiliations
    Universidad de La Frontera, CIGES, Temuco, Chile
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    Jose A. Manfredi
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    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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    Nora Mores
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    Affiliations
    Municipalidad de Marcos Paz, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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    Hector Olivera
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    Affiliations
    Municipalidad de Marcos Paz, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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    Rosana Poggio
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    Affiliations
    Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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    Jacqueline Ponzo
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    School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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    Pamela Seron
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    Affiliations
    Universidad de La Frontera, CIGES, Temuco, Chile
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    Chung-Shiuan Chen
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    Affiliations
    Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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    Lydia A. Bazzano
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    Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Jiang He
    Correspondence
    Corresponding author at: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
    Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
    Affiliations
    Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.
Published:January 27, 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.062

      Highlights

      • Cardiovascular disease risk factors are highly prevalent in the general population in the Southern Cone of Latin America.
      • The prevalences of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes were 35.7%, 40.8%, 58.4%, and 12.4%, respectively.
      • The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.4%.
      • The proportion of individuals with ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors was 68.3%.

      Abstract

      Background

      Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death, and its mortality is increasing in Latin America. However, population-based data on cardiovascular disease risk factors are sparse in these countries.

      Methods

      A total of 7524 men and women, aged 35 to 74 years old, were recruited between February 2010 and December 2011 from randomly selected samples in 4 cities (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay) in the Southern Cone of Latin America. Cardiovascular risk factors were measured using standard methods by trained and certified observers.

      Results

      Approximately 85.5% of adults ate less than five servings of fruit or vegetables per day, 35.2% engaged in low physical activity, and 29.7% currently smoked cigarettes. The prevalences of obesity, central obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome were 35.7%, 52.9%, 40.8%, 2.0%, 58.4%, 12.4%, and 37.4%, respectively. The proportion of individuals with ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors, including low intake of fruit and vegetables, low physical activity, current cigarette smoking, obesity or central obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, was 68.3%, and the proportion of individuals with ≥3 cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity or central obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, was 22.9%.

      Conclusions

      Cardiovascular disease risk factors are highly prevalent in the general population in the Southern Cone of Latin America. These data suggest that national efforts on the prevention, treatment, and control of cardiovascular risk factors should be a public health priority in the Southern Cone of Latin America.

      Abbreviations:

      BMI (body-mass index), BP (blood pressure), CESCAS (Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur), CHD (coronary heart disease), CKD (chronic kidney disease), CVD (cardiovascular disease), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), LMIC (low- and middle-income countries), MET (metabolic equivalent)

      Keywords

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