Highlights
- •Cardiovascular disease risk factors are highly prevalent in the general population in the Southern Cone of Latin America.
- •The prevalences of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes were 35.7%, 40.8%, 58.4%, and 12.4%, respectively.
- •The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.4%.
- •The proportion of individuals with ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors was 68.3%.
Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death, and its mortality is increasing
in Latin America. However, population-based data on cardiovascular disease risk factors
are sparse in these countries.
Methods
A total of 7524 men and women, aged 35 to 74 years old, were recruited between February 2010 and December 2011 from randomly selected
samples in 4 cities (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros
Blancos, Uruguay) in the Southern Cone of Latin America. Cardiovascular risk factors
were measured using standard methods by trained and certified observers.
Results
Approximately 85.5% of adults ate less than five servings of fruit or vegetables per
day, 35.2% engaged in low physical activity, and 29.7% currently smoked cigarettes.
The prevalences of obesity, central obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease,
dyslipidemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome were 35.7%, 52.9%, 40.8%, 2.0%, 58.4%,
12.4%, and 37.4%, respectively. The proportion of individuals with ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors, including low intake of fruit and vegetables, low physical
activity, current cigarette smoking, obesity or central obesity, hypertension, chronic
kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, was 68.3%, and the proportion of individuals
with ≥3 cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity or central obesity, hypertension,
chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, was 22.9%.
Conclusions
Cardiovascular disease risk factors are highly prevalent in the general population
in the Southern Cone of Latin America. These data suggest that national efforts on
the prevention, treatment, and control of cardiovascular risk factors should be a
public health priority in the Southern Cone of Latin America.
Abbreviations:
BMI (body-mass index), BP (blood pressure), CESCAS (Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur), CHD (coronary heart disease), CKD (chronic kidney disease), CVD (cardiovascular disease), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), LMIC (low- and middle-income countries), MET (metabolic equivalent)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 27, 2015
Accepted:
January 25,
2015
Received in revised form:
November 25,
2014
Received:
October 4,
2014
Footnotes
☆Acknowledgement of grant support: This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under contract no. 268200900029C.
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.
