Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is the most common cause of hypertensive heart disease, which comprises
of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left atrial enlargement, diastolic dysfunction,
functional mitral regurgitation and neurohormonal changes. All of these lead to significant
arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AF) as well as ventricular arrhythmias, and
are known risk factors for sudden cardiac death (SCD). The association between LVH
and SCD is well established, especially in the presence of myocardial ischemia, fibrosis
and scar tissue, and AF. Inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress, as well as ischemia
play a significant role and are the leading pathways to remodeling, arrhythmias, and
SCD. Aggressive HTN control may lead, at least in part, to regression of LVH and thus
lower the risk of AF and SCD. Therefore, LVH is a powerful, independent predictor
of AF, ventricular arrhythmias and SCD, and is significantly underrecognized. Further
investigation of the relationship and management of diastolic dysfunction, LVH and
genetic factors and their association with SCD is certainly warranted.
Abbreviations:
AF (atrial fibrillation), HTN (hypertension), LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy), SCD (sudden cardiac death), VA (ventricular arrhythmia), VF (ventricular fibrillation), VT (ventricular tachycardia)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 04, 2017
Accepted:
March 1,
2017
Received:
February 22,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
