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Speckle-tracking echocardiography in atrial fibrillation: Philosopher's stone or integral tool

      Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia with an estimated prevalence of 2–4%. Its development is strongly associated with a cardiovascular disease (CVD) substrate. However, there is a small subgroup of apparently healthy young patients, classified under the term idiopathic atrial fibrillation (IAF) since an obvious cause cannot be established [
      • Weijs B.
      • Schotten U.
      • Crijns H.J.
      Pathophysiology of idiopathic atrial fibrillation - prognostic and treatment implications.
      ]. Even so, the presence of IAF has been related to the existence of subclinical CVD and to the increased risk of establishing CVD in the subsequent years following the onset of AF [
      • Weijs B.
      • Pisters R.
      • Haest R.J.
      • Kragten J.A.
      • Joosen I.A.
      • Versteylen M.
      • et al.
      Patients originally diagnosed with idiopathic atrial fibrillation more often suffer from insidious coronary artery disease compared to healthy sinus rhythm controls.
      ].
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